The Age of Napoleon free essay sample

The Age of Napoleon Bonaparte was a powerful character throughout the entire existence of France. At the point when Napoleon rose to control, numerous changes were made in regards to the social framework, financial matters, training, and political perspectives. For a few, the changes made under his standard were for the better of the individuals, however others saw the changes as negative changes. In any case, Napoleon will consistently be thought of as an incredible figure in the French Revolution. A pioneer from the earliest starting point, Napoleon was sent to France for military preparing at age nine. Before Napoleon totally vanquished France, he had various early victories, for example, overcoming the British in Toulon in 1793, and he won triumph against the Austrians in Italy. In 1799, he came to France and set up a 3-man administering board called the Consulate, ousting an exceptionally feeble arrangement of government called the Directory. Individuals acknowledged him as a pioneer since he was alluring and a decent speaker. We will compose a custom paper test on The Age of Napoleon or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page France was additionally in a state where they frantically required an arrangement of request, they are in a middle of an upset with nobody assuming responsibility. It bodes well that Napoleon, a man who holds onto power, assumes responsibility for the transformation. Napoleon additionally had a notoriety of being an incredible military boss, which lead to a much more prominent acknowledgment to him in France. In 1802, he pronounced himself the representative forever, and 2 years from that point forward, he held enough capacity to turn into the sovereign of the French. The French ached for change on the grounds that the American Revolution had enlivened them, and there was an enormous hole between the rich and poor people. Napoleon esteemed request while he was in power. Request, security, and proficiency supplanted freedom, fairness, and society. He reestablished the battling economy by building new streets and channels, so it could be simpler to ship products or acquire them from different societys. He likewise set up a state funded educational system and made harmony with the Catholic Church by marking the Concordat of 1801. The Concordat of 1801 was an understanding between the Roman Catholic Church in France and Napoleon, for the French had been in conflict with the Catholic Church since the unrest. The Third Estate (comprised of workers and a lion's share of France) didn’t feel that it was reasonable that the pastorate were improving than them. It finished the houses of worship political force and perceived strict opportunity for Catholics. The charges weren’t as high for the church as it was for the Third Estate. Napoleon even urged the Emigres to come back to France. The Emigres were individuals who dreaded the unrest and fled France to look for outside assistance to reestablish the old request. He additionally gave the land that had once had a place with the houses of worship to the laborers, so they could have more land to cultivate with, which could support the economy. Employments were presently â€Å"open to all talent†, which means anybody could work in any activity, regardless of what Estate they had a place with. The Napoleonic Code was additionally settled when Napoleon came to run the show. It perceived equity for all residents under the law, strict toleration, and preliminary by jury. The Napoleonic Code was a lot of French laws made by a gathering of lawful specialists. The principles administered all French-controlled nations in Europe. The Napoleonic Code fixed a portion of the changes made in the transformation, for instance a ton of the rights ladies had quite recently picked up, were currently lost. The men presently dealt with the family unit and kids. Another change Napoleon made was he abrogated serfdom, or bondage. After some time, he came to bring negative changes, for example, how ladies had not many rights. He additionally disposed of opportunity of press. At the point when he became ruler, he was unable to be expelled from office which was an issue in light of the fact that not every person loved the manner in which he was administering, and they needed to oust him. In Napoleons rule, he endeavored to fabricate a French Empire. With Napoleon being an egomaniac, he felt like the entirety of his choices would be for the better of the individuals and that he couldn't take the blame no matter what. He prevailed upon triumphs Austria, Prussia, the Netherlands, Belgium, and parts of Italy and Germany, however neglected to overcome Britain or Russia. By 1810, his Grand Empire arrived at its most noteworthy degree. Napoleon had the option to prevail upon triumphs such a significant number of nations since he utilized an alternate technique for each fight, so nobody could anticipate his best course of action. Some state that one Napoleon was the equal to 40,000 soldiers. His Grand Empire redrew the guide of Europe, and controlled a lot of Europe through discretion. A discretion is the act of directing dealings between delegates of gatherings or states. He supplanted the King of Spain with his sibling, Joseph. The soul of patriotism, which is the commitment and unwaveringness to one’s country, was spread all through France. Before long, new coalitions framed to oppose Napoleon’s extraordinary force, and he was crushed in 1815. The Age of Napoleon acquired numerous changes France. His rule included accomplishments and disappointments. Probably the best achievement was that he balanced the individuals of France, and their value was dependent on merit rather than societal position. He built up the Napoleonic code, which is still being used in France and different pieces of the present reality. Above all, e reestablished request in France by balancing out the economy, building schools for better training, made streets, and fabricated emergency clinics and halfway houses. A portion of the disappointments experienced when Napoleon was in decide was that he abused the opportunity of the press when he controlled the papers being distributed. He attacked Spain, which started a war with the Spaniards. He changed the European limits until the end of time. He was the main present day tyrant and drew out the soul of patriotism in France. In general, Napoleon changed the lifestyle for the French and encompassing nations until the end of time.

Study into education and people with disabilities Free Essays

This paper will see what supports are accessible for the guardians of a five twelvemonth old male kid with a physical disablement to empower him to go to standard school. The paper will take a gander at the authentic position sing guidance and individuals with disablements, how builds, for example, normalization and consideration affected on the coordinating of individuals with disablements in standard school, thusly the term mainstreaming and the strategies and supports that run close by these develops and if these approaches are agonizing of a rights based assault. Commissariats are in topographic point for kids underneath school age ( up to age 6 ) with physical disablements to go to specific pre-schools that have establishments that help their requests ( National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . We will compose a custom paper test on Study into instruction and individuals with handicaps or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now In any case, commissariats are non in topographic point for pre-school benefits inside standard schools henceforth corresponding to this subject the term school will partner to essential standard schools. Primary Body In the Census 2002 it was evaluated that 324,000 individuals in the populace were populating with a disablement ( National Disability Authority, on the Web, neodymium ) . Inability according to individuals is viewed as a â€Å" constraint in their ability to partake in monetary, cultural or social life on history of a physical, centripetal, obtaining, mental health or enthusiastic harm † ( Commission on the Status of People with Disabilities ( 1996 ) refered to in Finnerty and Collins, 2005:277 ) . McDonnell ( 2003:28 ) proposes that disablement is non the existent â€Å" harm † yet actually the boundaries inside society that dis-empower the person to participate inside standard society. Fitting to Barnes and Mercer ( 2003 ) the political and cultural perceptual encounters of individuals with disablements was tested from the 1960 ‘s onwards in that the general situation at the clasp was to see the individual dependent on their detected limitations. These perceptual encounters were tested by disablement bunches on accomplishing rights that were ascribed to different residents to other than be credited for individuals with disablements. One of the difficulties to the customarily held places of disablement is the build of normalization which Walmsley ( 1997 ) areas was created by Nirje ( 1969 ) to frontal area that individuals with disablements should hold opportunities to luxuriate the unremarkable happenings of life. In that what is the standard for the mass ought to be accessible to individuals with disablements ( Mitchell 2004 ) . A cardinal part inside normalization is consideration ( Walmsley, 1997 ) . Consideration turned into a cardinal part in the improvement of a coordinated instructive framework ( Finnerty and Collins, 2005 ) . A cardinal factor in consideration is to take the invisibleness that encompassed individuals with disablements in the days gone by and that projects, for example, fuse guidance are a way of leting kids with disablements to hold an increasingly seeable and positive profile ( Dare and O’Donovan, 2002 ) . The Warnock Report ( 1978 ) refered to in Dare and O’Donovan ( 2002 ) investigated the instructive requests of children with disablements and found that kids with disablements ought to go to a standard school except if it could non gracefully acceptably for their exceptional requests. Instruction in the mid 1900 ‘s was inside a unintegrated configuration of specific schools for individuals with disablements that fortified their prohibition from standard society. The develop of mainstreaming in which kids with specific requests were cooked for inside standard schools was presented in Ireland in the 1970 ‘s and was viewed as a progressively suitable way of providing fuse guidance ( McDonnell, 2003 ) . Be that as it may, this stipulation for specific instructive requests inside standard school despite everything made prohibition in that the organization was through specific requests classes and still made differentiation ( McDonnell, 2003 ) . In spite of the fact that blending to the Salamanca Statement ( 1994 ) on guidance for individuals with disablements, incorporation was viewed as stipulation inside standard schools ( National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . Rights Based Approach The European Social Charter ( 1996 ) states that individuals with disablements have â€Å" a privilege to autonomy, cultural incorporating and commitment in the life of the network † ( Lawson on the Web, nd:8 ) : and that it puts a weight on its part areas to set in topographic point underpins that conquers hindrances to consideration and commitment. Shockingly this Charter has only been closed down by a couple of part areas and that the rights included inside it have no lawful interest. Orchestrating to Lawson ( on the Web, neodymium ) the rights based assault as for disablement areas that individuals with disablements should hold indistinguishable rights from the mass and that so as to achieve this that three variables are cardinal. Commitment in their locale ought to non be constrained by social boundaries, for example, mentalities towards disablement, or restricted by handiness of supports. Commitment is influenced by handiness. In that open administrations ought to be comprehensive concerning providing dish for all, for representation that open movement set appropriate modifications for the expectations of individuals with disablements. Underscoring the builds of commitment and handiness are that specialists cultural strategies permit stipulation for disablement issues inside standard approach arrangement rather than explicit disablement arrangements which in their tendency make more noteworthy isolation of individuals with disablements. ( Lawson, on the Web, ne odymium ) . Blending to De Wispelaere and Walsh ( 2007:521 ) when administrations for individuals with disablements are as yet decided inside a â€Å" cultural open help hypothetical record † in that the handiness of administrations are as yet chosen by open natural structures that a rights based assault is non in topographic point. The rights based assault hypothetical record would suggest that the privileges of a person with disablements are indicated in law and that an inadequacy of this stipulation of those rights should let for resort through the general legitimate framework. In Ireland there are by and by three models for stipulation of guidance for individuals with disablements, premier the student can go to standard school with help from an asset teacher or specific requests aide. The second alternative is the understudy can go to a specific classification inside the standard school or thirdly the student may go to a school assigned as a specific school with underpins for impossible to miss disablements ( The National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . Arranged resolution laws have affected on the stipulation of guidance. The Constitution of Ireland ( 1937 ) states that each child should hold dish to guidance ( National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . Training Act ( 1998 ) The Education Act ( 1998 ) expressed that guidance was to be accommodated all children and explicitly references that kids with specific instructive requests be accommodated and â€Å" have a similar option to profit of and advantage from fitting guidance as do their equivalents † ( National Council for Special Education, 2006:79 ) . The Education Act ( 1998 ) permitted that help would be accessible for extra instructive assets, for example, evaluations of students, capable AIDSs yet these unnecessarily were surveyed with respect to what was suitable and were non a programmed privilege ( De Wispelaere and Walsh, 2007 ) . The Act other than accommodated the puting up of the National Council for Special Education that would move as an autonomous organization that would inside its maps co-ordinate the portion of instructive backings ( National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . The Act ( 1998 ) expressed that kids with disablements reserved a privilege to instruction yet the term â€Å" fitting † took into account estimating dependent on what assets were accessible ( De Wispelaere and Walsh, 2007:532 ) . Consequently this would suggest that the Act was non rights situated in that the stipulation of supports were chosen non by components of commitment or consideration however by assets. Instruction Welfare Act ( 2000 ) The Education Welfare Act ( 2000 ) in spite of the fact that its main object was to propel going to at schools, is of impact to kids with disablements in that numerous children with disablements are non go toing schools in light of the fact that no suitable school is accessible. The enlistment technique inside the Act permits that such children that are being educated at place are to be surveyed by the Health Service Executive to ensure that the child is having a basis of guidance expected, despite the fact that there is no file of the normal insignificant rule for kids with disablements ( National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . Equivalent Status Act ( 2000 ) and ( 2004 ) The Equal Status Act ( 2000 ) changed in ( 2004 ) advanced fairness and denied partiality corresponding to dish and stipulation of administrations as for nine variables of which bias in light of disablement is one ( Government of Ireland, 2000 ) . Corresponding to training this thinks about induction strategies, course for the understudy to class, building or supports ( National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . In any case, the Act other than states that partiality can non be thought of on the off chance that it is judged that â€Å" reasonable alteration † was made to let for dish or a â€Å" disproportional burden † would be put on the administration provider to do changes, ( National Council for Special Education, 2006:81 ) . For delineation corresponding to the situation, the child that has the physical disablement may non have the option to go to his neighborhood elementary school in light of the fact that despite the fact that alterations, for example, a gr ade w

How to Identify and Analyze Keywords Your Competitors Are Using

How to Identify and Analyze Keywords Your Competitors Are Using A keyword is normally a word or phrase that highlights a topic or passage of significance within your web content. Searchers use different words or strings of words to collect more information from the internet on the topics of their interest. Keywords basically represent the web content and the way people search for that content. The main purpose of keywords is to increase the value of your content both for Google Search Spiders and people.You should add keywords naturally in all the content you write, whether it is the body of a new post or meta description, because they represent the theme of your page. A reader will find it easy to consume the naturally inserted keywords just like the rest of your content. On the other hand, you will turn off your reader if the keywords you use are irritating sales pitches or cause the reader to stumble over the rest of the content. © Shutterstock.com | Robert KneschkeIn this article, we explore 1) what keywords are not about, 2) why you should spy on your competitors’ keywords, 3) effective techniques for researching and analyzing keywords your competitors are using, 4) important tools for spying on your competitors’ keywords, and 5) conclusion.WHAT KEYWORDS ARE NOT ABOUTOne of the biggest mistakes content writers or optimizers make is that they try to mislead or trick both Google Spiders and people with the help of keywords. This means repeating the keywords in your content in an unnatural manner (keyword stuffing), using keywords that don’t describe what your content is about or deploying any other black hat technique. Google is very serious about websites that use these techniques and can penalize you if you do not comply with their policies regarding the proper use of keywords.WHY SPY ON YOUR COMPETITORS’ KEYWORDS?Spying on your competitors’ keywords offers you more insights into industry trends in addition to generating more keyword ideas for yourself. It is always better to know who your main competitors are and what they are doing as it will help you get one step ahead of the competition.In the following lines, I shall explain some benefits of proper keyword research as well as some important tools and techniques to effectively spy on your competitors’ keywords.Benefits of Proper Keyword ResearchProper keyword research is necessary to propel your online business to new heights of success. Following are some of the benefits of using the right keywords in your content.Higher Search Engine Rankings: If you are looking to optimize your website for search engines, you have to identify proper and powerful keywords. It is essential for you to use the right keywords in all types of web content, whether it is a press release, a new link building campaign or content for your site’s homepage, if you want to improve your search rankings. Ranking on the first page of Google means that you will get hundreds of times more traffic and revenue.Increased Conversion Rate: The biggest advantage of using relevant keywords in relevant content is that they will bring actual customers to your website. You can easily achieve higher conversion rate if the content you provide is useful and meaningful to your visitors. As a matter of fact, using optimized keywords and relevant content dramatically enhances your chances of increasing net profits compared to other methods such as broadcast emailing.Engaged Audience: To engage your audience, you need to produce relevant content. One way to do so is to identify keywords that can drive traffic to your website. Keyword analysis is also important for finding out the topics that are popular among your audience. This will help you to write engaging content around those topics and keep your audience engaged. In fact, your visitors will keep coming back if your content can answer all their questions.Broader Targeted Audience: Target ed traffic is the first requirement for building your online customer base and increasing your profits in the process. It is fairly easy to get information about keywords which can help you reach a broader targeted audience alongside their level of competition and search volume. You need to remember that keyword research is necessary if you want to discover new business avenues.Better Insights into Marketing Trends: Keyword analysis also enables you to get better insights into marketing trends and consumer behavior. It will help you find out what is popular in the market and what you need to do to stay relevant. Keyword research will also reveal the methods your rivals use to rank high in search engines against your targeted keywords.Increased Online Visibility: Keyword research and analysis will help you achieve higher search rankings and in turn, increased online visibility. As mentioned above, you can drive considerably more traffic to your website and increase your profits if yo u manage to rank on the first page of Google. This enables you to generate more sales simply because your website is visible to more people.Cheap Organic Marketing: The best thing about keyword research is that it does not cost you a dime on most occasions. Compared to pay per click (PPC) and other types of advertisements on Google, organic search engine optimization is not only cheaper but it also helps you to get long-term and sustainable search results.EFFECTIVE TECHNIQUES FOR RESEARCHING AND ANALYZING KEYWORDS YOUR COMPETITORS ARE USINGFollowing are some of the best techniques to take a look at your competitors and what they are ranking for.Identify Your CompetitorsFirst and foremost, you have to identify your main competitors and analyze what keywords they are ranking against. This will also help you see the strategies they have put in place for search engine optimization and what their main areas of focus are in terms of paid and organic search results. It is always important to know your competitors in a fast-paced competitive environment, otherwise your chances of success are very remote.Identify Your Own KeywordsAfter identifying your competitors and keywords they are using, it is imperative for you to identify and select the keywords that have the potential to drive traffic to your website and generate more sales. My advice to you is always start with less competitive keywords because they are easy to rank for. In this regard, there are many tools you can use to identify keywords for your business, such as Google AdWords and SEMRush.Determine How Authoritative Your Competitors AreYou would normally have two to three major competitors on your radar. However, you also happen to compete with many other websites about which you have no idea. Therefore, you must identify all the websites you are competing with and determine how authoritative they are. You may not surpass large and well-established websites in Google search results against more competitive keywords in the beginning, making it necessary for you to focus your efforts on less competitive ones.Track Competitors’ Indexed PagesYou need to get as much information as possible about your competitors’ indexed pages and how powerful they are. This way you will be able to learn what type of content they produce on their pages, what methods they use to get so much public attention and how authoritative their website really is.Set up Google AlertsSetting up Google Alerts is one of the best methods to not only spy on your rivals’ keywords, but their backlinks as well. Instead of brand mentions, Google Alerts helps you track your competitors’ keywords in addition to discovering countless other keywords and phrases that may be relevant to your business. You can also measure the performance of different websites using this exceptional tool and base your future SEO campaign on these results.Check Their BacklinksBacklinks are the lifeline of any SEO campaign. You can never rank on the first page of Google unless your website has a huge number of quality backlinks. It is important for you to know where your competitors get all those backlinks from because it will help you adopt and generate new ideas for your backlink strategy. It is not very difficult to check your competitors’ backlinks either. You simply have to go through their popular posts, and you will come across many high quality and related backlinks.Spy on Their SEO and PPC CampaignsIt is of high importance for you to closely monitor all the websites of your rivals that are getting maximum traffic from Google organic search results. These are also the websites with a number of high-quality backlinks, making them extremely important for their ranking. As far as paid traffic is concerned, you have to have maximum information about the keywords they are paying for and what they are doing. I normally use tools like Ispionage to measure how effective a certain keyword is against the cost per click.W hat Is Their Unique Selling Proposition?To survive in today’s extremely competitive online marketplace, you have to have your Unique Selling Proposition (USP). In this regard, you can develop a unique voice for your brand and strong online presence by having a good idea about your competitors’ USP. You have to keep in mind that your visitors may start comparing you with your competitors if you don’t have your own USP, and in some cases they may also start saying that you are even worse.Compare Your Website with Your RivalsOne of the best methods to compete with your competitors is to compare your website and SEO strategy, including all the potential keywords you want to deploy, with your competitors. This will help you a great deal in selecting the most important keywords and prioritizing them in terms of high demand and low traffic difficulty. There are many other factors you can take into account when choosing keywords, such as relevance, current rankings, page results chara cteristics, content optimization and domain authority.Always Target Weak CompetitorsAs mentioned above, you compete with a lot of competitors at a time. Therefore, it is always wise to target weaker competitors to begin with. In order to accomplish this task successfully, you have to thoroughly analyze their online marketing strategy and identify their strengths and shortcomings, and then exploit those weaknesses as much as possible. Remember, it is extremely difficult to deprive big fish of their share right from the start. You have to be patient and take one step at a time.Constantly Revise Your StrategyNew competitors enter the market, and old ones disappear on a daily basis. It is imperative for you to constantly revise your list of competitors so that you can discover new competitive keywords and apply them successfully to drive extra traffic to your website. There is no need to reinvent the wheel. You just need to optimize the keywords the way your competitors are optimizing t hem in addition to producing relevant, creative content.IMPORTANT TOOLS FOR SPYING ON COMPETITORS’ KEYWORDSThere are many extremely helpful tools available in the market that can help you research your competitors’ keywords effectively. In fact, it is better to use the above mentioned techniques in combination with these tools for getting optimal results.Google’s AdWords Keyword Tool: Google Keyword Planner or Google Adwords is the best tool to spy on your competitors’ keywords. Although, you have to create an account to access this tool, it is totally free to use. In my opinion, it is a fantastic tool for getting some important stats like keyword difficulty level, average monthly search volume, the average cost per click and much more. Unlike some other tools on the list, this tool focuses more on your website rather than specifically focusing on competitors’ analysis.Open Site Explorer: This tool has to be outstandingly simple because it is from Moz. It is perfect for an alyzing the techniques and methods your competitors are deploying to build backlinks. One of the most popular tools with a good reputation in the market nowadays, Open Site Explorer provides you with complete information about the anchor texts they are using as well as the page rank and domain authority of the websites they are receiving backlinks from.SEMRush: I strongly recommend using SEMRush because it is a great tool when it comes to collecting competitors’ data. This very tool provides you with detailed information about all types of keywords other business have deployed in addition to their search ranking and average monthly traffic. The tool is completely free to use and provides all the necessary information in an easy to understand graphic format.Alexa: Alexa is the tool that needs no recognition. Today, it is one of the most advanced and reliable keyword analysis tools, but it has been around for years now. This tool is a must if you are looking to spy on your competito rs’ keywords, especially if you are competing at the global stage. It offers detailed information about their link building efforts, keywords, and traffic, etc.Keyword Spy: As the name suggests, Keyword Spy is a brilliant tool to literally spy on your competitors’ keywords. One of the best features of Keyword Spy is Domain Spy Tool. If you want to know the total budget your competitors have specified for PPC, you must make use of this tool. Similarly, it will also help you find out the keywords they are spending the most money on and who their major competitors are.Google Trends: This particular tool is extremely popular among online marketers and other professionals because it is free and does not require any login or sign up. It allows you to observe both short and long term trends in addition to comparing the performance of different keywords. Similarly, the tool also offers weekly updates on your priority keywords.KW Finder: Keyword finder is a relatively new tool but it has become one of my favorites. It receives monthly data both from Google Trends and Google AdWords. You can competitively analyze Top Ten search results for the last month against any keyword in addition to finding out how difficult a certain keyword is to rank against.Majestic SEO: Majestic SEO is not a free tool but one I strongly recommend, especially for competitors’ keyword research. There is a free feature called Backlink History Tool, which allows you to observe patterns in link building. You can find out when your competitors focus most on organic SEO by choosing different settings to monitor the influx of keywords at a certain time of the year.CONCLUSIONRemember that you will never be able to claim absolute victory over your competitors in the battle of keyword search and search engine rankings. However, you can remain competitive, relevant and, most importantly, profitable by applying these tips. The world of the online marketplace is constantly expanding and evolving, and if you are unable to adapt and innovate, you will never be successful and same is true with online marketing, especially search engine optimization.Finally, my advice to all of you is never rest on your laurels. You should keep abreast of the latest developments and trends in your particular niche. Always look for new keyword ideas and never stop spying on your competitors, both strong and weak. In this way, you will be able to rank higher on Google and achieve your goals in both the short and long run.

The White Collar Crime By Edwin Sutherland Essay - 1254 Words

The phrase â€Å"white-collar crime† was introduces during 1939 when a presidential address was given by Edwin Sutherland to the American Sociological Society. Mr. Sutherland described it as, â€Å"crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation. Although there are many variables to what qualifies for a white-collar crime, the term is generally used for a variety of nonviolent, financially motivated individuals who will exploit their job to commit crimes. One of the most popular crimes committed by these individuals is security fraud. Security fraud is when a person like a stockbroker for example, misrepresents information that investors could use to make decisions. The categories of misrepresentation included in white-collar crime also involve providing false information, withholding key information, offering bad advice, and acting on inside information. Kenneth Lay was the founder of Enron in 1985 and was the chief executive officer for over 15 years. In 1990 Jeffery Skilling joined the company and later on became the chief executive officer in February 2001. However quickly resigned months later for â€Å"family reasons.† In despite of Skilling leaving the company, they were both credited in building Enron into a powerhouse in its creative management. In the near future when the company started going down hill both their names were associated with the culture of corporate scandals that followed Enron’s death. In lateShow MoreRelatedThe White Collar Crime By Edwin Sutherland1604 Words   |  7 PagesEdwin Sutherland coined the term ‘white-collar crime’ and defined it as â€Å"crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation.† (Black, 2010). While Sutherland focused on the perpetrator and his/her characteristics and roles in committing the cr ime, there were flaws within this definition in that it would not endure the progression of white-collar crime. By focusing on the individual and paying more attention to the actual crime, criminologist andRead MoreWhite Collar Crime By Edwin Sutherland Essay2527 Words   |  11 Pages White Collar Crime Name Institutional Affiliation Currently, white collar crime is one of forms of crime that legal authorities are constantly combating. According to Hasnas (2004), a white collar crime is a non-violent crime committed by someone, especially to achieve financial realisation through deceit. The term â€Å"white collar crime† was coined by Edwin Sutherland in 1939 defining it as â€Å"crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of hisRead MoreWhite Collar Crime By Edwin Sutherland Essay2013 Words   |  9 PagesWhite Collar Crime by Edwin Sutherland, published in 1949, is a study in the theory of criminal behaviour. Sutherland states that this book is an attempt to reform the theory of criminal behaviour only, not to reform anything else. And although it may include implications for social reforms, this is not the objective of the book. Sutherland define white collar crime as ‘a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation’ (pp. 9). He adds thatRead MoreWhite Collar Crime Coined By Edwin Sutherland2133 Words   |  9 PagesCrime can occur on various platforms such as the streets of a neighborhood or at a corporation on Wall Street. As a result, crime and criminal behaviour can be explained using a broad set of theories presented by scholars with the focus ranging from the individual offender to the offender’s environment and external influences. White-collar crime coined by Edwin Sutherland, for example, is a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation (TathamRead MoreWhite Collar Crime And Corporate Crime1158 Words   |  5 PagesWhite-Collar Crime consists of occupational crime and corporate crime. Occupational crime refers to offences committed against legitimate institutions businesses or government by those with respectable social status. It includes the embezzlement of corporate funds, tax evasion, compu ter crime and expense-account fraud. It is not every day that we hear about white-collar crimes but these non-violent crimes are on the rise to the top. Federal Bureau of Investigation states that USA, for example recordedRead MoreWhite Collar Crime And Criminal Behavior1534 Words   |  7 Pagesthe causations of crime and those at risk of criminal behaviour. White collar crime is a term founded less than a century ago within 1939 by Edwin Sutherland. He identified white collar crime as crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation (Hirschi, 1987, pg 953). Sutherland strived to explain all types of crimes. He proposed that crime occurred beyond the streets, within the business and politic realm. White collar crimes differ heavily fromRead MoreCorporate Tax Evasion Essay example690 Words   |  3 Pagesgovernment. It is illegal and therefore deviant by that definition. Corporate tax evasion (using borderline legal means) is widespread. White-collar crime is a term that is usually applied to crimes associated with business that do not involve violence or bodily injury to another person. Corporate tax evasion falls into the category of white collar crime. There are 3 types of corporate income taxes as follows: National 30% of taxable income, Local 20.7% of National Tax, and EnterpriseRead MoreComparing The Ideas Of Edwin Sutherland1257 Words   |  6 PagesComparing the ideas of Edwin Sutherland from his 1940 publication of White-Collar Criminality with attitudes towards crime in the world today, specifically in George Ritzer’s Essentials of Sociology textbook, I believe that Sutherland would be fairly happy with the treatment of crime. The textbook’s treatment of the topic of crime aligns very well with Sutherland’s outlook. Ideas of crime seemed to be treated fairly in the text, avoiding the classic pitfalls of saying that crime is always associatedRead MoreWhite Collar Crimes And Street Crimes1083 Words   |  5 PagesWhite-collar crimes are just as prevalent today as ordinary street crimes. Studies show that criminal acts committed by white-collar criminals continue to increase due to unforeseen oppo rtunities presented in the corporate world, but these crimes are often overlooked or minimally publicized in reference to criminal acts on the street. Many street crimes are viewed as unnecessary, horrendous crimes because they are committed by lower class citizens, whereas white collar crimes are illegal acts committedRead MoreUnderstanding White Collar Crime1023 Words   |  5 PagesUnderstanding White Collar Crime Donald J. Joslyn Tri County Tech Understanding White Collar Crime In the United States, there are many different types of crimes that are committed. One type of crime that is considered non-violent would be white-collar crime. Under white collared crimes there are hundreds of different types of crimes that would fall under this category. Sociologist and criminologists have come up with many different theories to what white-collar crime is and what type of people

The Legal And Social Implications Of Prostitution

The legal and social implications of prostitution have been a topic of much concern over the past few decades. Although the issue has been heavily debated, a proper answer to its legalization or criminalization has not yet been defined in many countries throughout the world. While some view that â€Å"sex work† is a justifiable occupation that should be protected under human rights, others argue that it’s legalization would do more harm than good. According to the Health and Human Rights Journal (2014), the Russian Federation has little justification for its criminalization of sex work, and the vulnerability of sex worker’s demand for their protection under Human Rights. Although, both New York Times articles agree with the model for criminalizing the purchasing of â€Å"sex services† rather than the selling, Thrupkaew focuses on the need to provide basic social services for sex workers first (Thrupkaew 2012), while Flanagin argues to ensure that women and young girls do not become victims of this criminalization. Throughout the Health and Human Rights Journal, the author develops a premise against the Russian Federations criminalization of prostitution, more commonly referred to as sex work. It is crucially noted for full understanding that sex workers are â€Å"female, male and transgender adults and young people who receive money or goods in exchange for sexual services† (Arps and Golichenko 2014). Arps and Golichenko declare that the vulnerable condition and discrimination of sexShow MoreRelatedCan People Attitudes On The Legal Status Of Prostitution Be Shaped By Media Representation?1484 Words   |  6 Pagesthe legal status of prostitution be shaped by media representation?’. The hypothesis to question is posited as ‘an individual with less knowledge on the subject (i.e. prostitution and its legality issues) is probably influenced by media on his or her attitude towards prostitution’. This research intends to adopt an experimental design employing an ideal research method to measure individual attitude change in regards to the effects imposed by media on considering prostitution as a legal or formalRead MoreProstitution : Prostitution And Prostitution1169 Words   |  5 PagesProstitution is illegal in the United States, except for some counties in Nevada. However, prostitution is in most part of the United States, despite the fact that it has been legalized. Prostitution is an act whereby, one sells his/her body for sex. In the United States, Prostitution is divided into three broad categories; street, escort, and brothel prostitution. Brothel prostitution takes place in brothel houses, which are houses where prostitutes can sell sexual services. This kind of prostitutionRead MoreWhy The Agent Is Fully Self Owning Essay1445 Words   |  6 Pagesright to act how they want with their body. Libertarians hold the view that prostitution is an activity between two consenting adults, which should not be touched by the government or even an organized religion because they consider it to be a â€Å"victimless crime†. They also they believe that it should not be subject to regulation, even if the act does not involve love or even if it involves the exchange of money. Prostitution is done with consent, which signifies that it is a expressions of oneselfRead MoreThe Legal Status Of Prostitution1460 Words   |  6 Pagesthis research, a hypothesis of answer for this research question ‘Can people attitudes on the legal status of prostitution be shaped by media representation?’ will be allocated. The hypothesis position to this question is posited as ‘an individual with less knowledge on the subject (i.e. prostitution and its legality issues) is more probable to affect by media on his or her attitude towards prostitution’. This research intends to adopt an experimental design because it deemed as an ideal researchRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Prostitution1225 Words   |  5 Pages Prostitution is considered to be the oldest profession. Prostitution can take many forms, from streetwalkers and brothels, to sophisticated call-girl or escort services. However, in United States it is a crime to offer sexual acts in exchange for money. The laws regarding prostitution differ everywhere around the world. In some places, especially the United States, soliciting a prostitute is grounds for punishment and even criminalization (Prostitution). Many prostitutes are criminalized becauseRead MoreProstitution Is A Single Right Definition For Prostitution1167 Words   |  5 PagesProstitution is something that has and always will be existent. It’s legal in many parts of the world and it has always been debated whether or not it should be legalized here in the US. There are many aspects to look when determining whether it is the right or wrong thing to legalize prostitution. But first we have define what exactly is prostitution. There’s not a single right definit ion for prostitution. We could look at the dictionary definition that’s the transfer of money for sexual activityRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal1695 Words   |  7 Pagesthat prostitution will exist no matter what because men will always degrade women, and women, in turn, can do the same to men, even though these moral aspects are not connected with the legalization process, mostly depending on moral qualities of the society members, and not on a position on prostitution. Thus, the essay will try to prove why prostitution should not be legal with the help of analysis of the articles of the well-known scientists. While feminist theory represents prostitution as aRead MoreRegulation of Oldest Profession Essay1243 Words   |  5 PagesPornography and Prostitution have much in common, both include compensated consenting adults engaging in sexual activity; however, pornography is legal, and prostitution is not. Webster’s dictionary defines prostitution as â€Å"the act or practice of engaging in promiscuous sexual relations especially for money†. Although pornography is somehow widely accepted, it is essentially the same concept as prostitution, both involving consenting adults paid to perform sexual acts. While prostitution is controversialRead MoreLegal Dilemma Of Prostitution1565 Words   |  7 Pages Prostitution: A Legal Dilemma Prostitution is considered to be the oldest profession. Prostitution can take many forms, from streetwalkers and brothels, to sophisticated call-girl or escort services. The laws regarding prostitution differ everywhere around the world. In some places around the world, soliciting a prostitute is grounds for punishment and even criminalization (Prostitution). Many prostitutes are criminalized because of their work. Therefore, they are usually victims of many crimesRead MoreProstitution, Prostitution And The Commercialization Of Sexual Services1467 Words   |  6 PagesPrior to the decision in Canada (Attorney General) v. Bedford, prostitution and the commercialization of sexual services was not illegal; however there were three legislative barriers surrounding prostitution-related acts that implicated sex workers of criminal offences, thus the decision to work safe or risk arrest made their line of work difficult (Durisin, Love , van der Meulen, 2013). Due to public demand and th e need to clean street prostitutes, the criminalization of prostitute related activities

Consumer Behavior Sample Exam (Master) Free Essays

| |1. |The process of the exposure, attention, and interpretation of sensations is known as which of the following? | | | |a. | | | |perception | | | | | | | |b. We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Behavior Sample Exam (Master) or any similar topic only for you Order Now | | |seeing | | | | | | | |c. | | | |thinking | | | | | | | |d. | | |sensing | | | | | | | |e. | | | |interpretation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |a | | | | | |2. |An online shopping experience in which you can try on clothes is an example of which of the following? | | | |a. | | | |4D reality | | | | | | | |b. | | |differential reality | | | | | | | |c. | | | |modern reality | | | | | | | |d. | | |augmented reality | | | | | | | |e. | | | |digitized reality | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |d. | | | | | |3. |Which of the following senses is most closely linked to the limbic system? | | | |a. | | | |taste | | | | | | | |b. | | |touch | | | | | | | |c. | | | |smell | | | | | | | |d. | | |sound | | | | | | | |e. | | | |sight | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |c | | | | | |4. |Marketing messages that have a clearly defined stimulus as the focal point make use of which of the following principles? | | | |a. | | | |principle of interpret ational bias | | | | | | | |b. | | |schema principle | | | | | | | |c. | | | |closure principle | | | | | | | |d. | | | |figure-ground principle | | | | | | |e. | | | |principle of similarity | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |d. figure-ground principle | | | | | |5. |Bertie Bott’s Every Flavor Beans are an example of which of the following? | | | |a. | | | |fictional reality | | | | | | | |b. | | |product placement | | | | | | | |c. | | | |augmented reality | | | | | | | |d. | | |product positioning | | | | | | | |e. | | | |hyperreality | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |e. | | | | | |6. |Which of the following best exemplifies a difference between absolute threshold and differential threshold? | | | |a. | | | |Absolute thresholds are defined by the j. n. d. , whereas differential thresholds are scientifically measured. | | | | | | | |b. | | |Absolute thresholds are the same between all people, whereas differential thresholds vary depending on t he person. | | | | | | | |c. | | | |Differential thresholds do not rely on relative difference, which is a key factor of absolute thresholds. | | | | | | | |d. | | |Differential thresholds constantly change, whereas absolute thresholds remain the same. | | | | | | | |e. | | | |Differential thresholds apply to the difference between two stimuli, whereas absolute thresholds apply to only one. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |e | | | | | |7. |In large portions of the developing world, refrigeration is a luxury. Because of this, ice cream and cold Coca-Cola are viewed as status| | | |symbols. In creating an advertising campaign for a new ice cream, advertisers may wish to draw on the strong feelings associated with | | | |cold products by utilizing which of the following? | | |a. | | | |evaluation | | | | | | | |b. | | | |sensory perception | | | | | | | |c. | | |hedonic consumption | | | | | | | |d. | | | |sensory inputs | | | | | | | |e. | | |attention | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |c | | | | | |8. |Which of the following is a similarity between the emotional impact and the design of a product? | | | |a. | | |Both are key elements of the marketing strategies of Proctor and Gamble. | | | | | | | |b. | | | |Both have an increasing impact on consumers’ buying decisions. | | | | | | | |c. | | | |Both are less important than price and product quality. | | | | | | |d. | | | |Both matter only when marketing items that are household staples. | | | | | | | |e. | | | |Both are shown to be more important for older consumers. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |b | | | | | |9. |You notice a giant new billboard when driving to work one day. It has been cut out in the shape of the car it is advertising, and its | | | |bright red color continually catches your attention, as you look at it out of the corner of your eye as you drive. The marketing team | | | |behind this ad was likely trying to create which of the following ? | | | |a. | | |discrimination | | | | | | | |b. | | | |contrast | | | | | | | |c. | | |adaptation | | | | | | | |d. | | | |relevance | | | | | | | |e. | | |exposure | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |b | | | | |10. |You grew up drinking ginger ale only when you were sick. Now, you associate ginger ale with being sick but well-taken care of. This is | | | |an example of which of the following? | | | |a. | | | |belief | | | | | | | |b. | | |gestalt | | | | | | | |c. | | | |memory | | | | | | | |d. | | |sublimination | | | | | | | |e. | | | |schema | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |e | | | | | |11. |Which of the following most likely does NOT represent a key factor in Method’s ability to secure a major contract with Target over more | | | |traditional brands, such as Proctor and Gamble? | | | |a. | | |a move away from traditional, staid forms of marketing | | | | | | | |b. | | | |an increased emphasis on emotional impact and surprise | | | | | | | |c. | | |the appeal of a tried and true, high-quality product | | | | | | | |d. | | | |the use of a unique, aesthetically pleasing design | | | | | | | |e. | | |a realization that consumers want unusual, exotic products | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |c | | | | | |12. |As technologies improve, which of the following marketing techniques do you expect to see expand in use? | | | |a. | | | |psychophysics | | | | | | | |b. | | |trade dress | | | | | | | |c. | | | |hedonic marketing | | | | | | | |d. | | |subliminal messaging | | | | | | | |e. | | | |augmented reality | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |e | | | | | |13. |As debate rages over whether there are some places that should inherently be off limits to advertisements, which of the following might | | | |present an additional argument from a marketing perspective towards keeping some spaces sacred? | | | |a. | | | |Advertisements may have a negative impact on brain function and young chi ldren’s ability to focus. | | | | | | |b. | | | |Hedonic consumption can extend to place and time, so marketers may one day be able to market the absence of ads. | | | | | | | |c. | | | |Maintaining natural beauty and untouched places is critical so that these images can be used for marketing campaigns. | | | | | | | |d. | | |Consumers have only limited attentions, so offering them certain breaks will make them more likely to pay attention to ads in other | | | |places. | | | | | | | |e. | | | |It is important for advertisers to stay on the good side of consumers; otherwise, marketing would cease to be effective. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |d. | | | | | |14. |As the economy begins to recover after the global banking crises of 2009 and 2010, which might you expect to see? | | | |a. | | |increased package sizes | | | | | | | |b. | | | |less frivolous product placement | | | | | | | |c. | | |higher differential thresholds | | | | | | | |d. | | | |more sensor y marketing | | | | | | | |e. | | |better advertising campaigns | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |a. | | | | |15. |Considering what you know about sensory marketing, which of the following would most likely NOT have contributed to the success of | | | |Apple’s iPhone? | | | |a. | | | |subliminal messaging | | | | | | | |b. | | |emotional impact | | | | | | | |c. | | | |use of the haptic sense | | | | | | | |d. | | |an aesthetically appealing design | | | | | | | |e. | | | |a natural user interface | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |a | | | | | |16. |You have been tasked with designing a marketing campaign for a new flavor of ice cream. Outline your campaign in detail, describing how | | | |you will not only appeal to hedonic consumption, but also ensure that your message will be heard by consumers. | | | | | | | | | | |1. |Which of the following is NOT an example of a sensation? | | | |a. | | | |thought | | | | | | | |b. | | |texture | | | | | | | |c. | | | |light | | | | | | | |d. | | |sound | | | | | | | |e. | | | |odor | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |a. thought | | | | | |2. |The process by which people select, organize, and interpret sensations is known as which of the following? | | | |a. | | | |attention | | | | | | | |b. | | |exposure | | | | | | | |c. | | | |perception | | | | | | | |d. | | |information processing | | | | | | | |e. | | | |interpretation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |c | | | | | |3. |Which of the following companies capitalized on consumer desire for pleasing product design? | | | |a. | | | |Clorox | | | | | | | |b. | | |Walmart | | | | | | | |c. | | | |Proctor and Gamble | | | | | | | |d. | | |Coca-Cola | | | | | | | |e. | | | |Method | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |e | | | | | |4. |Brain scans of consumers have shown that respondents show the fastest reaction times to which of the following? | | | |a. | | | |aesthetically pleasing packaging | | | | | | | |b. | | |well-known brands | | | | | | | |c. | | | |unique products | | | | | | | |d. | | |low pricing | | | | | | | |e. | | | |luxury goods | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |a | | | | | |5. |Which of the following best describes the haptic sense? | | | |a. | | | |sound | | | | | | | |b. | | |sight | | | | | | | |c. | | | |sight | | | | | | | |d. | | |touch | | | | | | | |e. | | | |smell | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |d | | | | | |6. |Marketing strategies where companies use the impact of sensations to attract consumers are known as which of the following? | | | |a. | | | |subliminal marketing | | | | | | | |b. | | |flash marketing | | | | | | | |c. | | | |competitive marketing | | | | | | | |d. | | |over marketing | | | | | | | |e. | | | |sensory marketing | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |e | | | | | |7. |The science of how the physical environment is integrated into our personal, subjective world is referred to as whic h of the following? | | | |a. | | | |biology | | | | | | | |b. | | | neuroscience | | | | | | | |c. | | | |psychophysics | | | | | | | |d. | | |sensology | | | | | | | |e. | | | |perceptional psychology | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |c | | | | | |8. |Combining a physical layer with a digital layer is known as which of the following? | | | |a. | | | |augmented reality | | | | | | | |b. | | |four dimensional reality | | | | | | | |c. | | | |digitized reality | | | | | | | |d. | | |differential reality | | | | | | | |e. | | | |web-based reality | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |a. augmented reality | | |9. |All of the following are factors that determine which stimuli consumers process EXCEPT which? | | | |a. | | | |perceptual defense | | | | | | | |b. | | |perceptual vigilance | | | | | | | |c. | | | |experience | | | | | | | |d. | | |attention | | | | | | | |e. | | | |adaptation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |d | | | | | |10. |Ti ny figures inserted into magazine advertising via high-speed photography or airbrushing are forms of which of the following? | | | |a. | | | |sensory overload | | | | | | | |b. | | |subliminal messaging | | | | | | | |c. | | | |attention | | | | | | | |d. | | |rich media | | | | | | | |e. | | | |perceptual filters | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |b. subliminal messaging | | | | | |11. |Which of the following is the process of assigning meaning to sensory stimuli? | | | |a. | | | |imprinting | | | | | | | |b. | | |interpretation | | | | | | | |c. | | | |relevance | | | | | | | |d. | | |priming | | | | | | | |e. | | | |expectation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |b. | | | | | |12. |Which of the following principles states that one part of a stimulus will dominate while other parts recede? | | | |a. | | | |principle of interpretational bias | | | | | | | |b. | | |figure-ground principle | | | | | | | |c. | | | |closure principle | | | | | | | |d. | | |principle of similarity | | | | | | | |e. | | | |schema principle | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |b. | | | | | |13. |The process of making real what is initially simulation is referred to as which of the following? | | | |a. | | | |price leadership | | | | | | | |b. | | |subliminal perception | | | | | | | |c. | | | |reverse product placement | | | | | | | |d. | | |hyperreality | | | | | | | |e. | | | |perceptual positioning | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |d. | | | | | |14. |Which of the following is one of the three basic components of a marketing message? | | | |a. | | | |size | | | | | | | |b. | | |sign | | | | | | | |c. | | | |shape | | | | | | | |d. | | |index | | | | | | | |e. | | | |color | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |User Responses: |b. | | | | 1. Which of the following is one of the 3 basic components of a marketing message? Size/sign or object/shape/index/color 2. Which of the following is not a sensory reception? Eyes/nose/ears/bra in/mouth 3. The immediate response of our sensory receptors to basic stimuli is known as which of the following? Perception/sensation/attention/exposure/information processing 4. Target used consumer appreciation for great design to make all of the following designers household name EXCEPT which of the following? Philippe starch/karim Rashid/todd Oldham/Isaac Mizrahi/Aradhna Krishna 5. All but which of the following are examples of companies that capitalized on consumer desire for pleasing product design? Method/Coca Cola/Gillette/Apple/Target 6. The Limbic system is a characteristic of which sense? Smell/sight/sound/sight/touch 7. A characteristic that sticks with a consumer, helping him or her to remember a product in a positive and unique way, is referred to as which of the following? Phoneme/ visual cue/trade dress/sensory signature/audio watermark . Which of the following fields examines how we pick up and integrate sensory information? Neurobiology/perception studies/sensory dynamic/phrenology/psychophysics 9. Which of the following is NOT an example of an augmented reality? A fashionista virtual room/a yellow line showing a first down in football/goggle goggles/iButterifly/ video games 10. The fact that consumers are more likely to be aware of stimuli that relate to their current needs is known as? Perceptual defense/adaptation/attention/experience/perceptual vigilance 1. Embeds are forms of which of the following: Augmented reality/subliminal messaging/perceptual filters/rich media/sensory overload 12. Which of the following principles states that consumers tend to group together objects that share physical characteristics: Principle of similarity/closure principle/principle of Interpretational bias/figure-ground principle/schema principle 13. When certain stimuli evoke a set of benefits that we assign to the stimuli, it is referred to as which of the following: Schema/priming/expectation/imprinting/interpretation 14. Which of the following is a way that signs or symbols can connect to products: Size/sign/index/color/shape 15. Cases where fictional products that appear in shows become popular in the real world are known as: Reverse product placement/subliminal perception/augmented reality/perceptual positioning/price leadership |Which of the following principles states that people are likely to fill in the pieces in an incomplete picture, often without realizing it? |(1point) | | | |[pic][pic] | |[pic]schema principle | | | | | | | | | | |[pic][pic][pic] | |[pic]principle of interpretational bias | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | |[pic][pic][pic] | |[pic]closure principle | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic][pic] | |[pic]principle of similarity | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic][pic] | |[pic]figure-ground principle | | | | | How to cite Consumer Behavior Sample Exam (Master), Papers

U2 3D free essay sample

Since the 1980s, U2 have been regarded as one of the worlds finest and most unique live bands. With an unmistakable sound that blends soaring melodies and high-tech sound effects with the theatrical energy of lead singer Bono, they have long boasted a larger-than-life worthy of their massive audiences. Although several live recordings and concert films have previously captured the band doing what they do best, none of these has gone as far toward capturing the feeling of being at a U2 concert as the innovative new concert film U2 32. Filmed at several shows during the Latin American leg of U2s recent Vertigo tour, U2 3D takes advantage of state-of-the-art 3D technology to put the viewer in the center of the shoulder-to-shoulder, manically enthusiastic crowds. The film plays only in specially equipped theaters with 3D capability, including numerous IMAX auditoriums, which provide the most dramatic viewing experience. Special visual effects, which make the band members and their instruments seem to protrude from the screen, are impressively realistic, even if they are occasionally superfluous or used to highlight Bonos regrettable bird imitation. We will write a custom essay sample on U2 3D or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page More important than the 3D visual plane is the exceptional clarity of the audio and video content, which allows the film to approach the live experience as closely as any concert document in the history of the format. Directors Catherine Owens and Mark Pellington also deserve praise for capturing the grandeur of the show from a variety of interesting and well-planned camera angles. U2 is among the very few bands whose live show has expanded beyond the traditional stage, with elevated boardwalks allowing the musicians to literally walk into the sea of adoring fans. This freedom of movement for the band undoubtedly posed an unusual challenge the film crew, one that was gracefully surmounted by expert camera work and production. As for the performance itself, U2 delivers its stadium-conquering anthems with as much gusto as ever. The band plays as an exceptionally tight unit, exhibiting the kind of natural dynamic that comes with many years of playing with the same group. Indeed, they have not so much aged as they have matured, building confidence in an environment which most younger bands would find intimidating. The band serves up a selection of its best-loved songs from every phase of its career, ranging from early gems like â€Å"New Years Day† and â€Å"Pride (In The Name Of Love)† to new material such as â€Å"Love And Peace Or Else† and the hit single â€Å"Vertigo,† which thrives in a live setting far more than it did on the recording. The focus is, appropriately, on the bands most rousing stadium anthems, favoring reliable showstoppers such as â€Å"Sunday Bloody Sunday† over the more experimental sounds that dominated much of U2s 90s output. Over the rock-solid core of drummer Larry Mullen Jr. and bassist Adam Clayton, guitarist The Edge once again proves himself worthy of his pseudonym. Known for his distinctive style, which relies heavily on carefully tuned echo and reverb to produce his signature â€Å"ringing† tone, The Edge makes good on his stated philosophy that the guitarist should be subservient to the music as a whole, not overly eager to show off his acrobatic finger speed or to dominate the band with shear volume. Perhaps this explains how he has miraculously managed to remain at the cutting â€Å"edge† of his art for over two decades. Bono, as usual, is a powerhouse of impassioned vocals and stage antics. Although his upper vocal range is finally beginning to show minimal wear, Bono is still one of the most engaging and impressive frontmen in rock n roll. With body language and vocal phrasing that perfectly match the character of each song, Bono exudes emotion and a genuine sense that he cares deeply about his music and about his fans. Bono also cares deeply about promoting human rights and well-being throughout the world, and has no qualms about using the concert venue as a forum to express these views. Depending on whom you ask, this can either add to or detract from the overall experience of U2s concerts. Bonos political and humanitarian messages play into the bands performance in ways that range from the subtle (Bono dons a headband that reads â€Å"Coexist† to promote harmony among people of different faiths) to the imposing (the show stops after the band plays â€Å"Miss Sarajevo,† while the Universal Declaration of Human Rights scrolls across the video screens and is read aloud by computerized voices). While it would be easy to condemn these elements as pretentious and tangential to the purpose of a rock concert, its better to think of U2s concerts as Bono seems to conceive them: as an experience that centers on music but transcends it, using songs as a vehicle to express a sweeping world view and promote a feeling of mass fraternity. Its no coincidence that a growing number of progressive churches have begun to incorporate U2s songs into their liturgy. In truth, Bono is a sort of non-denominational clergyman who preaches universal love and the dignity of mankind. And, judging by the crowd reactions captured in U2 3D, his bands concerts can approach the level of a religious experience for millions of devout followers. Ultimately, U2 3D makes the case for Bono as more than a rock star and U2 as more than a band. Perhaps more than any other group in the history of popular music, they have turned their masterful songs and passionate performances into a movement for peaceful revolution in human interaction. It is this spirit that has stayed with U2 for over a quarter century, making them one of the most influential and continually vital bands on the planet. In short, it is only fitting that their new concert film should be so different from all those that came before it in virtually every sense.